高压注水在防治14~#煤层采煤工作面煤与瓦斯突出的可行性分析

通过对防治煤层瓦斯及煤与瓦斯突出治理方法的比较,分析煤层高压注水的作用机理及优点,得出了煤层高压注水方法在防治轿子山煤矿14#煤层采煤工作面煤与瓦斯突出是可行的。     

浅谈燃气计量设备的施工及运行管理

本文介绍了影响燃气计量设备计量准确的因素,并从施工、设计及运行管理等环节加强控制,提高计量设备的计量精度,减少产供销差率,保证企业的收入。     

Biofuel policies and the environment: Do climate benefits warrant increased production from biofuel feedstocks?

We examine whether climate benefits warrant policies promoting biofuel production from agricultural crops when other environmental impacts are accounted for. We develop a general economic-ecological modelling framework for integrated analysis of biofuel policies. An economic model of farmers' decision making is combined with a biophysical model predicting the effects of farming practices on crop yields and relevant environmental impacts. They include GHG emissions over the life cycle, nitrogen and phosphorus runoff, and the quality of wildlife habitats. We apply our model to crop production in Finland. We find that under current biofuel production technology the case for promotion of biofuels is not as evident as has been generally thought. Only reed canary grass for biodiesel is unambiguously desirable, whereas biodiesel from rape seed and ethanol production from wheat and barley cause in most cases negative net impacts on the environment. Suggested policies in the US and the EU tend to improve slightly the environmental performance of biofuel production.     

The economic impact of shale gas extraction: A review of existing studies

Recent advances in drilling technology have allowed for the profitable extraction of natural gas from deep underground shale rock formations. Several reports sponsored by the gas industry have estimated the economic effects of the shale gas extraction on incomes, employment, and tax revenues. None of these reports has been published in an economics journal and therefore have not been subjected to the peer review process. Yet these reports may be influential to the formation of public policy. This commentary provides written reviews of several studies purporting to estimate the economic impact of gas extraction from shale beds. Due to questionable assumptions, the economic impacts estimated in these reports are very likely overstated.     

250吨转炉静电除尘器稳定运行探讨

静电除尘器是一种高效的除尘器,已被越来越多的炼钢厂转炉所采用.为了保持静电除尘器长期、高效、稳定地运行,应该对影响静电除尘器除尘效率的因素进行分析,并加强对静电除尘器运行、维护和检修的管理.     

基于“北斗一代”的Zigbee无线网关设计

为了解决野外多点数据采集无供电、布线复杂和通信困难的问题,提出了一种基于“北 斗一代”的Zigbee无线网关设计方案。采用MSP430F6438、CC2341微处理器和一体化的RDSS “北斗”射频芯片完成低功耗、小成本的硬件设计。通过增加SIM卡的数量,将网关转发“ 北斗”数据的频率降至最低的5 s,提高了网关的通信速率。通过软件设计实现了Zigbee无 线传感网络和“北斗一代”系统之间数据的透明交换。该方法已成功应用于野外油气井远程 监控系统中。     

烟气脱硫脱硝一体化技术的现状与展望

介绍了烟气脱硫脱硝的机理和技术现状,在对炭基材料法、臭氧氧化法、电子束法等烟气脱硫脱硝技术分析的基础上,指出烟气脱硫脱硝一体化技术具有较好的经济、环境和社会效益,是一种适合我国的烟气净化技术,但仍需要进一步的研究和开发。     

The Relationship Between Energy Commodity Prices and Electricity and Market Index Performances: Evidence from an Emerging Market

We investigate the effect of energy commodity price movements on market and electricity index returns in Turkey for the periods before, during, and after the year 2008. Although the Turkish economy is highly reliant on oil, we find that oil price does not lead either electricity or market indexes. This might be attributable to sluggish integration of financial markets in Turkey compared to developed markets. Natural gas price leads electricity index in the pre-2008 period. Its significance is reduced following the decline in natural gas usage in electricity production. This suggests that commodity dependence may be driving the link between commodity and asset prices in related sectors.     

How can the EU climate targets be met? A combined analysis of technological and demand-side changes in food and agriculture

To meet the 2 °C climate target, deep cuts in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions will be required for carbon dioxide from fossil fuels but, most likely, also for methane and nitrous oxide from agriculture and other sources. However, relatively little is known about the GHG mitigation potential in agriculture, in particular with respect to the combined effects of technological advancements and dietary changes. Here, we estimate the extent to which changes in technology and demand can reduce Swedish food-related GHG emissions necessary for meeting EU climate targets. This analysis is based on a detailed representation of the food and agriculture system, using 30 different food items.We find that food-related methane and nitrous oxide emissions can be reduced enough to meet the EU 2050 climate targets. Technologically, agriculture can improve in productivity and through implementation of specific mitigation measures. Under optimistic assumptions, these developments could cut current food-related methane and nitrous oxide emissions by nearly 50%. However, also dietary changes will almost certainly be necessary. Large reductions, by 50% or more, in ruminant meat (beef and mutton) consumption are, most likely, unavoidable if the EU targets are to be met. In contrast, continued high per-capita consumption of pork and poultry meat or dairy products might be accommodated within the climate targets. High dairy consumption, however, is only compatible with the targets if there are substantial advances in technology. Reducing food waste plays a minor role for meeting the climate targets, lowering emissions only by an additional 1–3%.     

A regression discontinuity approach to measuring the effectiveness of oil and natural gas regulation to address the common-pool externality

Oil and natural gas reservoirs typically span multiple productive leases so that no owner has rights to the entire stock of resource, resulting in production externalities. Previous literature has examined the effectiveness of government regulation in Texas and Oklahoma in abating these externalities, finding Oklahoma to be more successful in unifying common pools and securing property rights. Using regression discontinuity design, we quantify the impact of regulatory difference between the two states. We find that Oklahoma produces an average of 3361 more barrels of oil over the life of a well, relative to Texas. Given the maturity of the fields in question, the result underscores the continuing importance of addressing common pool externalities even after the primary phase of recovery has largely been completed.